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Vikings Unit
The Saga Of The Adventurous Viking
The Vikings are people who explored, plundered and traded with valor with their legendary ships. The Vikings were of the Norsemen clan who originated in the Scandinavia. They scourged the coast of the British Isles, France and other European coasts from late 8th to 11th century, which is termed as ‘the Viking age’ in the pages of history.
The Root Of The Word Viking
The word ‘Viking’ entered the English dictionary in the 18th century with romantic intonations. However, the etymology is traced back to the writings of the Anglo-Frankish writers who used the term ‘Viking’ to denote people who are set to raid and loot. In modern day Scandinavian language the word ‘Viking’ refers to the group of people who went on expeditions to trade and raid.
The word ‘Viking’ is made up of two parts, ‘vik’ meaning ‘bay’ and ‘ing’ denotes a place of origin. Thus ‘Viking’ literally means “people from the bay”
The Age Of The Vikings
The map of the Vikings is not confined to Scandinavia only (modern Denmark, southern Norway and Sweden) but territories under North Germanic control, mainly the Danelaw, Scotland, the Isle of Man and Ireland were also included.
The Viking explorers also opened new paths leading to the north and the west as they colonized Shetland, Orkney, Faroe Islands, Greenland and Iceland. There was even a short-lived expedition to Newfoundland in circa 1000B.C.
Generally the period of the North Germanic Expansion from the earliest raids in 790s till the Norman conquest of England in 1066 is considered as the Viking age.
They Delved Into The Riches
The Vikings traded and raided various European ports during the three centuries. Birka, Hedeby, Kaupang, Jorvik, Staraya, Ladoga, Novgorod and Kiev were some of the important trading ports of the times.
The Viking Ships
There were two types of Viking ships, the ‘long-ship’ or ‘drakkar’ which means dragon in Norse and the Knarr. The longships were built for cruises for exploration and warfare.
The Knarr was a slower merchant boat with greater cargo transport cruises. However, the term “Viking Ship” entered the common dictionary with a romantic association.
The First Attack
According to the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, a group of men sailed from Norway to Portland, in Dorset. A royal official mistook them as merchants and tried to extol trading tax from them. They murdered him; the date assigned to this attack is 787. The second recorded attack is in 793 on the monastery of Lindisfarne. The pages of European history for the next 200 years told the story of the pillage of the Vikings.
The Raids On Iberia
By mid 9th century B.C there were Viking attacks on the coastal kingdom of Asturias. During the reign of Alfonso III the Vikings had already plagued the sea route connecting Galicia, a province of the kingdom with the rest of Europe. Historians attest the period from 844 to 858 A.D for the attacks on Galician coast. The Vikings settled in the town of Povoa de Varzim in northern Portugal and their influence was strong still recently.
Sources Of History
The Rune Stones
The Rune stones are valuable sources of history of the early medieval Scandinavia and the Norse society, particularly the Vikings. Many Rune stones recorded the names of the persons who went on Viking expeditions. The name of the martyrs is also engraved in the stones.
Burials
Some burial sites like Jelling in Denmark, Gettlinge Gravfalt in Sweden and more sites witnessed the history of the Vikings.
Myths And Legends
Norse myths, legends and literature speak the history of the Vikings through the tales of mythical heroes. These literatures were transmitted orally and we have to depend on the writings of the Christian writers.
The growth of Christianity in Scandinavia and a centralized authority together closed the valorous chapter of the Vikings. Coastal defense became more stringent in the areas the Vikings attacked making the raids less profitable with more risk. Cultural influences from Europe invaded their core. With the rise of the kings, nobles and a quasi-feudal system in Scandinavia the Vikings were lost completely. Thus, ended the mighty chronicle of the brave Viking population.
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Education in Vietnam
For kids in Vietnam, school is a lot like school for kids in the United States. It starts early, between 7:00 and 7:30 in the morning, and classes last until around 4:00 in the afternoon.
Vietnamese students learn a lot of the same stuff kids in the US learn, too, except the languages are different. In Vietnam, children study the Vietnamese language in depth, just like American students study English. Students in Vietnam often study English, too, although as a second language.
Kids in both countries must start school at the age of six. This is a law in both countries. In the United States, children must stay in school until they are 16 but Vietnamese education laws only require a student to attend school until they are 11. Even though kids can leave school after only five years of study, most of them don’t quit school because Vietnamese students and their families understand how learning more means they’ll probably earn more money when they finish school and get a job. Better jobs mean life is easier and a lot more fun than being poor.
Many kids in Vietnam choose to stay in school even after they turn 11 but the students’ families must pay the cost of their education after that. In the United States, public schools are free for grades one through 12.
Vietnamese children as young as 18 months old can go to kindergarten, where they learn the Vietnamese alphabet and simple math skills. Most of the kindergarten students in Vietnam live in the cities because there aren’t as many schools in the country and not every small town or village has a kindergarten.
Kids in both countries can go to college after they graduate from high school, called secondary school in Vietnam. In both countries, every student must pass an important exam before they get accepted into college. When a Vietnamese student passes the test, college is free. Each student can take the test four times to qualify for a free college education.
One thing that makes a public education in Vietnam very different from a public education in the United States is that Vietnamese children stay together, as a group, all through their public school years but American children often have different classmates each year.
Another difference is that teachers in Vietnam change classrooms each year so they can teach the children who stay together in the same classroom year after year. In the US, teachers have just one classroom and they stay in it year after year, with a different group of children coming to the teacher’s classroom every year as they progress through the education system.
Education experts believe this difference in classroom progression influences children in different ways. The Vietnamese system is thought to make students comfortable and happy with their classmates, who don’t change throughout their education, but shy with strangers. The American system focuses more on the child as an individual, a concept that contrasts from the Vietnamese way of placing more value on the group than the individual student.
Students in Vietnam are encouraged to listen carefully and take lots of notes but they cannot talk freely or ask too many questions in class. In the US educational system, children are, in many classes, encouraged to participate and offer their opinions, ideas, and questions.
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Unit Studies
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Unit Studies
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The Hobbit
The Hobbit & The Lord of the Rings, 4 Volumes
Follow your favorite hobbit, Bilbo Baggins, on his perilous adventures against Smaug the dragon. Meet Gandalf the wizard as he leads a band of brave dwarves and hobbits to combat the evil ring-wraiths who threaten Middle-earth. This set includes The Hobbit and the three volumes of The Lord of the Rings. A handsome gift for Tolkien fans! Four slipcased softcovers, from Ballantine.
The History of the Lord of the Rings: Boxed Set
J.R.R. Tolkien’s Lord of the Rings has been acknowledged as one of the most popular books of the 20th century. This boxed set is a history exploring the creation of middle earth, exploring the story from when it was first imagined to when it was finally finished. Included in these books are many early drafts and previously unpublished passages. This boxed set is a must-have for anyone who truly loves Tolkien’s Lord of the Rings. Included are books: The Return of the Shadow The Treason of Isengard The War of the Ring The End of the Third Age
Lord Of Rings Official Movie Guide
For more than two years, a huge team of dedicated moviemakes has been turning the exotic landscape of New Zealand into the Middle-earth of J.R.R. Tolkiens’s imagination. This fully authorized Official Moveie Guide is the perfect introduction to the total immersion in Tolkien’s world that filmgoers will experience. Full-color throughout, with lavish full-bleed production stills and biographies of the stars and filmmakers, this book gives readers privileged access to behind-the-scenes material found nowhere else.
The Lord of The Rings: The Fellowship of Ring Soundtrack
6″ Lord of the Rings Figure 4-Pack Value Pack #1
6″ Lord of the Rings Figure 5-Pack Value Pack #2
J.R.R. Tolkien Giftset (The Hobbit/The Lord of the Ring Video Set
Animated videos
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Social Studies
September 11, 2001 This unit tries to answer some of the questions asked by children about the tragic events of Sptember 11, and their aftermath. It does not express any political or religious opinions, but merely answers questions like “Why do we fly flags at half-mast?, What does the rest of the world think?”. It also gives background information on community helpers. As events unfold, more articles will be added. Parents, Please Read! This unit will focus on helping our children understand some of the events of the past months. When I first put this unit up, advertising was switched off. However, as it is no longer the primary unit, I have reactivated advertisements. Let’s Play Ostrich Although everyone has heard that ostriches stick their heads in the ground it isn’t true. However, “Playing Ostrich” is a term people use to mean pretending something isn’t happening or ignoring it. It’s OK to want to play Ostrich sometimes. Sometimes things happen that are just too painful to think about. Even grownups have a hard time with it. Native North Americans: The Effects of Colonization Flags are used to symbolize many different things. Each of the elements in the flag represents something special. For example, each of the stars in the flag of the United States represents one of the States. The way a flag is displayed can also symbolize something special. A flag flown upside-down is a sign of great distress, and a flag flown at half-mast is a sign of mourning. The World is Not a Bad Place: Coming Together Sometimes it seems like the world is a very bad place. Terrible things happen that scare us and make us sad. When things like this happen, it affects the whole world, not just the people it happened to. People around the world join together in sadness, and want to show just how much they care. Community Helpers #1: Who Are They? In the last few weeks, community helpers have been in the news a lot. We have heard stories about firemen, police officers, paramedics, medical personnel and construction workers. All of them have been helping the community. Community helpers include many more than these people, though. To know what a community helper is, first you need to know what a community is. -
World Cultures
Aboriginal Awareness
Learn about Canada’s original inhabitants. The way they live, how they helped the first settlers in North America, and much more.AfroAmerica Kids Zone
Discover the culture of Africa, play games and read about African myths and fables.Cultural Connections
Find out what life is like in some other countries around the world. Not all of the links work at this site, so if one doesn’t work, try another. There is a lot of good information here.Culture Quest World Tour
Tour the world with Parsifal Penguin and Ophelia Owl. Explore crafts and games from different countries.The First Americans
A Grade 3 project. Learn about Native American culture.Holidays Around the World
Check the calendar and see what holidays are being celebrated around the world this week. This site allows you to send in your birthday to be entered in the calendar. Please be SURE to check with your parents first, if you want to do this.Kids Eyes on Asia – Vietnam
Find out all about school in Vietnam. When you have checked out the schools, why not have a look at the food and some of the things that go on everyday?Kids Window Restaurant
What do children in Japan eat? How different is it to the food you eat everyday? Find out more here.Learn to Use Chopsticks
Some people from Asia eat with chopsticks. Find out how to use chopsticks, and then try them out.Native American Recipes
These are authentic Native American recipes on a site that has an incredible wealth of cultural information.World Games
Try playing some of these games that other kids around the world play. Be warned there are no computers involved in any of them, just good outdoor fun! -
What is Plagiarism?
Plagiarism is a very serious problem whether you are a child or an adult. Often when people plagiarize they don’t even realize they are doing it but the consequences are still the same. If you are caught plagiarizing the consequences can be very severe. The penalties range from getting a zero on the assignment and getting suspended from school. Some people have been rejected from colleges and ruined their career because they have plagiarized.
To plagiarize means”to steal and use (the writing of another) as ones own.” To be sure that you aren’t plagiarizing you must cite all ideas and facts that are not your own. If you are using someone else’s exact words you must put them in quotations. If you decide to use an authors idea but don’t want to copy it word for word you must correctly paraphrase it. The only time when you do not have to cite your source is if you are writing about common knowledge or if you are writing about your own idea/experience.
To make sure you aren’t plagiarizing you should make note cards and copy the information word for word. Next, you should write a rough draft and make sure you don’t copy the note cards directly. You should also cite as you write so that you are never accused of plagiarism. In your final draft make sure you quoted what needs to be quoted and that you cited ALL of your sources.
A teacher can hold you accountable for plagiarism if you reuse a paper you have already written, if you copy somebody else’s work(such as a classmates), or if you write a paper in a group and no group work was assigned. Other possibilities of plagiarism are if you buy a paper and pass it off as your own work, and if you decide not to cite your sources (not giving credit to someone that deserves it).
In conclusion, when writing a paper make sure you cite all of your sources. You may be plagiarizing without even knowing it. That is not a valid excuse when you get caught though, and won’t get you out of trouble. The main point is to make sure you give credit where it is due.
